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The Pacific Community (previously the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) until November 2015) is a regional intergovernmental organisation whose membership includes both nations and territories in the Pacific Ocean and their metropolitan powers. It aims to "develop the technical, professional, scientific, research, planning and management capability of Pacific Island people and directly provide information and advice, to enable them to make informed decisions about their future development and well-being."〔(''Vision and Mission of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community'' ), retrieved 16 August 2008.〕 The headquarters of the organisation is in Nouméa, New Caledonia, and it has a large office in Suva, Fiji. == History == SPC was founded in 1947 as the South Pacific Commission by six developed countries with an interest in the region: * * * * * * For reasons either of reduced development interest in the Pacific Islands region or a desire to concentrate assistance in other areas of greater poverty, two founding members have since withdrawn from the SPC: the Netherlands in 1962 and the United Kingdom in 1994 and – after rejoing in 1998 – again in 2004. SPC's founding charter is the Canberra Agreement.〔 The fourth edition of the document hosted on the Secretariat of the Pacific Community web site.〕〔 The first edition document hosted on the Australasian Legal Information Institute web site.〕 In the aftermath of World War II, the six colonial powers which created the SPC, arguably intended it to secure Western political and military interests in the postwar Pacific.〔 A licensed reproduction of 〕〔 Supports SPC's formation "to advise on economic, social, health matters affecting the South Pacific Island territories..."〕〔 "The establishment of the Commission was a response by the then colonial powers to assure the economic and social stability of the Island countries and avoid a repeat of the World War II experience by creating mechanisms for meaningful relations among governments." In other words, the SPC fosters regional socio-economic stability and it provides a channel for intergovernmental relations. Regional stability and intergovernmental relations serve not only the people who live in the Pacific, but they also ultimately serve the military and political interests of the Western countries which helped found it.〕 From the start, SPC's role was constrained, and the invitation from Australia and New Zealand to the US, France, Netherlands and the UK to participate in a South Seas Commission Conference in 1947 included the statement that ''"the (Pacific ) Commission to be set up should not be empowered to deal in any way with political matters or questions of defense or security"''〔 "From the outset political and security matters were excluded from consideration; the proposed Commission was to act in a consultative capacity on questions of welfare of the peoples in the area and social and economic development."〕 This constraint on discussion (particularly the constraint on discussing nuclear weapons testing in the region) led, eventually, to the creation of the South Pacific Forum (now ''Pacific Islands Forum''), which not only excluded the more distant "metropolitan" powers of France, UK and USA, but also their Pacific Island territories. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pacific Community」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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